Sources
Primary Sources on Martyrdom:
Cassius Dio, Roman History 78
Eusebius. Historia Ecclesiastica, Book 5
The Martyrdom of Perpetua and Felicitas
The Martyrdom of Crispina
The Martyrdom of Agape, Irene and Chione
Tertullian. Apology 15.4-6
Procopius, History of the Wars I.24. Trans. H.B. Dewing. New York: McMillan. 1914. pp 219-230
Seneca the Younger, Epistle 7
Cassius Dio, Roman History 78
Eusebius. Historia Ecclesiastica, Book 5
- Latin version / English version
The Martyrdom of Perpetua and Felicitas
The Martyrdom of Crispina
- Latin version / English version
The Martyrdom of Agape, Irene and Chione
- Latin version / English version
Tertullian. Apology 15.4-6
Procopius, History of the Wars I.24. Trans. H.B. Dewing. New York: McMillan. 1914. pp 219-230
Seneca the Younger, Epistle 7
Primary Sources on Roman Spectacles:
Cassius Dio. Roman History. 67.4
Greek version / English version;
Cassius Dio. Roman History. 78
Greek Version / Latin version
Cicero. Letters to Atticus. 1.4
Latin version / English version
Livy, History of Rome, 9.40
Latin version / English version
Livy, History of Rome, 39.22
Latin version / English version
Martial. Spectacles.
English version
Pliny the Elder. Natural History 34.10-35.10.
Latin version / English version
Pliny the Younger. Letter to Socius Senecio
Latin version / English version
Tacitus. Annales. 14.20-21
Latin version / English version
Tertullian. On Public Shows.
Latin version / English version
Strabo. Geography. 6.2.8
Greek version / English version
Vitruvius. On Architecture 5.1.1-1.3.5
Latin version / English version
Secondary Sources on Martyrdom:
Bowersock, G. Matyrdom and Rome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1995.
Budde, M. and Scott, K. (eds.). Witness of the body: The Past, Present, and Future of Christian Martyrdom. Michigan and Cambridge: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. 2011.
Coleman, Kathleen. “Fatal Charades: Roman Executions Staged as Mythological Enactments,” The Journal of Roman Studies 80 (1990): 44-73.
Henten van, J. and Avemarie, F. Martyrdom and Noble Death: Selected texts from Greco-Roman, Jewish and Christian Antiquity.London and New York: Routledge. 2002.
Leemans, J., Mayer, W., Allen, P., and Dehandschutter, B. 'Let Us Die that We May live:' Greek Homilies on Christian Martyrs from Asia Minor, Palestine and Syria (c. AD 350 - AD 450). London and New York: Routledge. 2003.
Middleton, P. Martyrdom: A Guide for the Perplexed. London and New York: T&T Clark International. 2011.
Moss, C. Ancient Cristian Martyrdom: Diverse Practices, Theologies, and Traditions. New Heaven and London: Yale University Press. 2012.
Musurillo, H. The Acts of the Christian Martyrs. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. 1972.
Perkins, J. The Suffering Self: Pain and Narrative in the Early Christian Era. London and New York: Routledge. 1995.
Oden, A. In Her Words: Women's Writings in the History of Christian Thought. Nashville: Abingdon Press. 1994.
Streete, G. Redeemed Bodies: Women Martyrs in Early Christianity. Kentucky: Westminster John Knox Press. 2009.
York, T. The Purple Crown: The Politics of Martyrdom. Scottdale and Waterloo: Herald Press. 1989.
Bowersock, G. Matyrdom and Rome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1995.
Budde, M. and Scott, K. (eds.). Witness of the body: The Past, Present, and Future of Christian Martyrdom. Michigan and Cambridge: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. 2011.
Coleman, Kathleen. “Fatal Charades: Roman Executions Staged as Mythological Enactments,” The Journal of Roman Studies 80 (1990): 44-73.
Henten van, J. and Avemarie, F. Martyrdom and Noble Death: Selected texts from Greco-Roman, Jewish and Christian Antiquity.London and New York: Routledge. 2002.
Leemans, J., Mayer, W., Allen, P., and Dehandschutter, B. 'Let Us Die that We May live:' Greek Homilies on Christian Martyrs from Asia Minor, Palestine and Syria (c. AD 350 - AD 450). London and New York: Routledge. 2003.
Middleton, P. Martyrdom: A Guide for the Perplexed. London and New York: T&T Clark International. 2011.
Moss, C. Ancient Cristian Martyrdom: Diverse Practices, Theologies, and Traditions. New Heaven and London: Yale University Press. 2012.
Musurillo, H. The Acts of the Christian Martyrs. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. 1972.
Perkins, J. The Suffering Self: Pain and Narrative in the Early Christian Era. London and New York: Routledge. 1995.
Oden, A. In Her Words: Women's Writings in the History of Christian Thought. Nashville: Abingdon Press. 1994.
Streete, G. Redeemed Bodies: Women Martyrs in Early Christianity. Kentucky: Westminster John Knox Press. 2009.
York, T. The Purple Crown: The Politics of Martyrdom. Scottdale and Waterloo: Herald Press. 1989.
Secondary Sources on Roman Spectacles:
Beacham, Richard. Spectacle and Entertainments of Early Imperial Rome. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999.
Coleman, Kathleen. “Fatal Charades: Roman Executions Staged as Mythological Enactments,” The Journal of Roman Studies 80 (1990): 44-73.
Dodge, Hazel. Spectacle in the Roman World. London: Bristol Classical Press, 2011.
Dowling, Melissa. Clemency and Cruelty in the Roman World. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2006.
Futrell, Alison. Blood in the Arena: The Spectacle of Roman Power. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1997.
Hopkins, K. “Murderous Games.” In Death and Renewal: Sociological Studies in Roman History Volume II, edited by Keith Hopkins, 1-30. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1983.
Kyle, Donald G. Spectacles of death in ancient Rome. London: Routledge, 1998
Le Bon, G. The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind. New York: The Macmillan Co. 1986.
Mahoney, A. Roman Sports and Spectacle. Massachusetts: Focus Publishing.2001.
Beacham, Richard. Spectacle and Entertainments of Early Imperial Rome. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999.
Coleman, Kathleen. “Fatal Charades: Roman Executions Staged as Mythological Enactments,” The Journal of Roman Studies 80 (1990): 44-73.
Dodge, Hazel. Spectacle in the Roman World. London: Bristol Classical Press, 2011.
Dowling, Melissa. Clemency and Cruelty in the Roman World. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2006.
Futrell, Alison. Blood in the Arena: The Spectacle of Roman Power. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1997.
Hopkins, K. “Murderous Games.” In Death and Renewal: Sociological Studies in Roman History Volume II, edited by Keith Hopkins, 1-30. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1983.
Kyle, Donald G. Spectacles of death in ancient Rome. London: Routledge, 1998
Le Bon, G. The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind. New York: The Macmillan Co. 1986.
Mahoney, A. Roman Sports and Spectacle. Massachusetts: Focus Publishing.2001.